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Adapting to Virtual Threads for Spring Developers

Platform threads (one OS thread per request) max out at a few hundred concurrent I/O-bound requests. Virtual threads (JDK 21+) allow millions — with zero I/O-blocking cost. Spring Boot 3.2 enables them with a single property. Avoid `synchronized` blocks wrapping I/O (they pin virtual threads to OS threads) and CPU-bound work inside virtual threads. For I/O-heavy Spring services, virtual threads are the most impactful JVM upgrade since Java 8 lambdas.

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Adapting to Virtual Threads for Spring Developers
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